SHOW LINKS

• ILLUMINATED BREW WORKS
• From The Birthplace of the Illuminati, Matthew Vickery, BBC, 2017: It was on 1 May 1776 that Adam Weishaupt, a professor of law at the University of Ingolstadt, founded the Order of the Illuminati, a secret organisation formed to oppose religious influence on society and the abuse of power by the state by fostering a safe space for critique, debate and free speech. Inspired by the Freemasons and French Enlightenment philosophers, Weishaupt believed that society should no longer be dictated by religious virtues; instead he wanted to create a state of liberty and moral equality where knowledge was not restricted by religious prejudices. However religious and political conservatism ruled in Ingolstadt at that time, and subject matter taught at the Jesuit-controlled university where Weishaupt lectured was strictly monitored. After initially handpicking his five most talented law students to join, the network rapidly expanded, its members disseminating Weishaupt’s goals of enlightenment with radical teachings, while at the same time creating an elaborate network of informants who reported on the behaviour of state and religious figures in an effort to build up a wealth of information that the Illuminati could potentially exploit in their teachings. With the help of prominent German diplomat Baron Adolf Franz Friedrich, Freiherr von Knigge – who helped recruit Freemason lodges to the Illuminati cause – the clandestine group grew to more than 2,000 members throughout Bavaria, France, Hungary, Italy and Poland, among other places.“Weishaupt was in many ways a revolutionary,” journalist Michael Klarner continued. “He liked the idea of teaching people to be better human beings. He wanted to change society, he was dreaming of a better world, of a better government. He started the Illuminati with the idea that everything known to human kind should be taught – something that was not allowed here at the university.” The organisation didn’t evade the establishment for long, however. Just a decade after its creation, the secret society was infiltrated by Bavarian authorities after its radical anti-state writings were intercepted by government authorities. The Illuminati was shut down and Weishaupt was banished from Ingolstadt to live the rest of his life in the German city of Gotha, 300km to the north. Yet the idea of a secret society revolting against the state has captured imaginations ever since, encapsulated in conspiracy theories cooked up by those who believe the Illuminati was never actually disbanded – a claim that has been widely debunked by historians. Even still, conspiracy theorists say that the organisation has been covertly working behind the scenes to subvert authority. https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20171127-the-birthplace-of-the-illuminati 

• From On Materialism And Idealism: Collected Works of Adam Weishaupt:  All other things being equal, I am inclined to prefer a system that presents god and Nature as greater and more wonderful. This system assumes that species, classes, and natural kingdoms are real and have their basis in Nature herself. And yet I believe that, as such, there are only individuals, and not species, genera or classes, which are only the creations of man’s inability to think of everything individually, which has forced him to take certain matching characteristics in objects and then to divide and classify them accordingly. Thus, if a hierarchy (which has been invented) were to arise from this explanation then every being would have to run through and become not the classes but all the individual instances then I should have to become everything, and everyone else would have to too! What confusion, what a useless and never-ending repetition of the same old thing! Should we have to go round and round forever in an eternal circle? I too postulate a hierarchy in Nature: the law of continuity demands it. However, I believe it manifests differently. I believe that every being walks its own individual path and develops in its own way according to the circumstances in which it finds itself and which are unique to it alone. This development of each individual being then takes hold as a part of the development of the whole. It is only the law by which this happens that has yet to be discovered. This progression of entities is a more wonderful and diverse idea than we find in the system discussed above, where everything stays within the general region of those forms that we already know: no other, more far-reaching and better ones are surmised. I have proved above that all these configurations and forms of things, even these classes in the realm of Nature, are only for these senses. We continuously carry over this transitory world-form to another entirely different one. In our thoughts we dwell unceasingly among these configurations. In this system Nature seems too poor, too uniform, and yet her law is the greatest diversity in the greatest possible unity. The more a system expresses and demonstrates this property of Nature, the closer it comes to the truth. It is precisely this stronger impression of the new life that enables us to understand why at present we can no longer remember anything about the state preceding our present human life, even if we have gained so much precisely through this prior state that, through the use of our faculty of understanding (perhaps acquired for the first time during this stage) and through the ability there acquired to draw analogical conclusions, we can make very confident inferences about this previous state, even if its type and mode, along with its precise nature, are obscured by the more powerful effect

• From Freemasonry in Colonial America, Mark Tabbert, George Washington’s Mt Vernon, 2020: Freemasonry was a phenomenon that was growing in the 1680s through 1720s. The fraternity early on attracted high aristocracy and even members of the royal family, so that just attracted more and more men who might want to join. For somebody like Washington, who is on the edge of the frontier but comes from a well to do family, this is one more means for him to gain entrance into society. When he joined when he was 19 years old,  he presumed at some point in his life he would go to England, socialize in London, and potentially be received in court. The first Masonic book published in the colonies was Benjamin Franklin’s reprint of Anderson’s Mason’s constitution in 1733, and Franklin sent copies of that book to Boston where his family is from and also down to the Carolinas for sale. We also know there were Masonic orations and sermons being published in the colonies in the 1740s and 50s, and the secret work of Freemasonry, the rituals, were being exposed in the 1720s in newspapers. We don’t know exactly what ritual Washington received when he joined in 1752, but there were exposures of rituals in 1760 that were probably very close. The men who supported Freemasonry tended to believe in self-determination, freedom of the press, freedom of religion–very radical ideas in continental Europe. And then the French Revolution, of course, went from relatively peaceful into the Reign of Terror, the rise of Napoleon, and the destruction of the Catholic Church in France, the destruction of monasteries and the slaughter which horrifies Europe to this day. One book by a Scotsman called John Robinson called The Proof of Conspiracies in 1797 allays all these shocking revolutionary things at the feet of the Illuminati, which had attempted to infiltrate Freemasonry. Umberto Eco wrote that  in the absence of a supreme being that you believe is governing the universe and has a plan, when something strange happens human beings chalk it up to some sort of conspiracy, be it a revolution or an assassination or a stock market crash–you name it, we find a conspiracy, and in America because of this history the conspiracies are usually the Illuminati or the Freemasons. https://www.mountvernon.org/george-washington/freemasonry/freemasonry-in-colonial-america 

• From Darkness Over All: John Robison and the Birth of the Illuminati Conspiracy, Mike Jay, Public Domain Review, 2014: John Robison was a man with a solid and long-established reputation in the British scientific establishment, a Professor of Natural Philosophy at Edinburgh University for over twenty years, an authority on mathematics and optics and a senior scientific contributor on the third edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica, to which he would contribute over a thousand pages of articles. Yet by the end of the year his professional reputation had been eclipsed by a sensationalist book that vastly outsold anything he had previously written: Proofs of a Conspiracy against all the Religions and Governments of Europe, which launched the enduring theory that a vast conspiracy masterminded by a covert Masonic cell known as the Illuminati was subverting all the cherished institutions of the civilised world. The first edition of Proofs of a Conspiracy sold out within days; Robison had hit a nerve by offering an answer to the great questions of the day: what had caused the French Revolution, and what had driven its bloody and tumultuous progress? The power of Robison’s revelation was that it identified within the buzzing confusion of conspiracies a single antagonist and epic struggle between good and evil. The Illuminati became a lightning-rod for the deep anxieties of church and monarchy. 

• Politics had also thrown a long shadow across Robison’s professional life: The physical sciences were in the grip of another evolution after Antoine Lavoisier’s discovery of oxygen, from which he had been able to establish new theories of combustion and to begin the process of reducing all material substances to a basic table of elements. Lavoisier split British chemistry: some recognised that his brilliant experiments had transformed the science of matter, but for others his new and foreign terminology was an arrogant attempt to wipe away the accumulated wisdom of the ages and to eliminate the role of god. Robison had never accepted the French theories, and by 1797 had worked the new chemistry deep into his Illuminati plot. For him, Lavoisier was a master Illuminist, working in concert with Masonic lodges to spread the doctrine of materialism and the new atheist world order where occult priestesses ritually burned the texts of the old chemistry. 

• In an overheated political milieu where accusations of treason were hurled from both sides, Proofs of a Conspiracy was seized on eagerly by the Federalists as evidence of the hidden agenda that lurked behind fine-sounding slogans such as democracy, the abolition of slavery, and the rights of man, and Jefferson was publicly accused of being a secret member of Weishaupt’s Order. But such charges were never substantiated; the ‘Illuminati Scare’ petered out and the Federalists lost power, never to regain it. Yet the episode had touched a nerve deep within the American political mindset; the doyenne of modern conspiracy theory, 20th century British author Nesta Webster, swallowed this theory whole, but then came to believe the Illuminati were a smokescreen: the true conspirators were the ‘Jewish peril’ whose agenda had, she believed, been accurately exposed in the Protocols of the Elders of Zion. https://publicdomainreview.org/essay/darkness-over-all-john-robison-and-the-birth-of-the-illuminati-conspiracy/ 

• From Conspiracy, Pornography, Democracy: The Recurrent Aesthetics of the American Illuminati, Gordon Fraser, Journal of American Studies, 2018: United States democracy has long been characterized by fantasies of totalizing, all-powerful enemies, of sexual subjection, and of inescapable racial violence. The particular politics of such fantasies are historically specific, and yet their aesthetics are surprisingly recurrent. In the 1790s, as anti-Illuminati writers began to feel increasing pressure to substantiate their claims, they more fully articulated the specific racial dangers faced by the new United States. During this period, countersubversive writers speculated about whether the “sooty sons of Africa” would collaborate with foreign subversives against the United States. That a conspiracy theory in the United States quickly transformed into a narrative of racial paranoia should be relatively unsurprising: The crisis emerged, after all, in a representational economy already structured by the subjection of black people. When William Brown suggested that French revolutionaries would join self-emancipated black men in “the impure and shocking death-dance of Africa,” he was (perhaps inadvertently) calling attention to an economy in which white men operated at the center of power and discourse; Brown’s promise that the prerogatives of white American men would be upended in favor of black men and foreigners traded in fear, just like Brown’s promise that black men would let loose their “demonic lust” upon white “virgins” likewise allowed readers and listeners to indulge in a fantasy of racial humiliation. 

• The fantasies of racial subjection enabled by the Illuminati crisis in the United States were unlike anything seen during the same paranoid crisis in Europe. The sexuality of black men would be instrumental to the desires of foreign revolutionaries, they imagined, just as the sexual subjection of black women [by whites] would prefigure the sexual subjection of white women. For these counterconspiratorial fantasists at the intersections of whiteness and masculinity, the sadomasochistic fantasies of racialization provided critical aesthetic terrain upon which to organize themselves in relation with the larger world. The Illuminati, recall, were of a piece with the Enlightenment-era project that produced US democracy in the first place. Adam Weishaupt’s intellectual society embodied the “Spirit of 76 ” just as readily as did the Sons of Liberty. To these writers, black and foreign bodies were at once an ongoing threat to political cohesion and an object of aesthetic desire that could be consumed. While many of the counterconspiratorial writers of the Illuminati crisis favored the abolition of slavery, they were nonetheless implicated in an economy that trafficked in the subjection of black bodies.

• • From Raising the Devil, Bill Ellis, 2000: Anti-Semitism did not strike as deeply into American culture as it did in Europe. Likewise, anti-Masonic rumors were not especially prevalent or influential during the early part of the twentieth century. Nevertheless, scattered allusions to the Illuminati myth appeared with the American Communist Scare. In 1953, at the depth of the McCarthy investigations, government agencies such as the California State Senate Committee on Education were learning that “So-called modern communism is apparently the same hypocritical and deadly world conspiracy to destroy civilization that was founded by the secret order of the Illuminati in Bavaria on May 1, 1776,” according to a presentation by conspiracy writer Jordan Maxwell. The most influential source in creating the American Illuminati demonology was Canadian William Guy Carr. Like his predecessors, Carr argued that the Illuminati were only the most recent agents in a cosmic struggle originating with Satan’s rebellion. Jesus Christ was incarnated, according to Carr’s theological vision, to denounce the money-lenders and false priests as the Illuminati. In a remarkable argumentative twist, he argues that the Illuminati managed Jesus’ execution so that the Jewish people would appear to have been responsible for his death. This led to persecution, which in turn allowed the Illuminati to “use the hate, engendered amongst the Jewish people as the result of persecution to further their secret totalitarian ambitions.” According to Carr’s scenario, the Illuminati were founded not by Weishaupt but by a group of rabbis and high priests according to “inspirations given by Lucifer.” The conspiracy thus founded was controlled by a “Supreme Council” of specialists in Jewish doctrine, rites, and ceremony. Asked how he came to know such secrets, Carr explained that much of this information was included in documents being carried by an IIluminati courier in 1785. A bolt of lightning, directed by God Himself, struck the courier dead, and the documents he carried fell into the hands of the Bavarian government. Many of these developed Carr’s Anglophile distrust of United States politics, which he saw as irretrievably contaminated by Illuminati influences. Abraham Lincoln, for example, was assassinated to prevent financial reforms he had planned, and while John Wilkes Booth pulled the trigger, the Rothschilds had given the orders. 

• LaVey called his Church of Satan operation mainly “showmanship .. . nine parts outrage and one part social respectability” that allowed participants to channel their “demons” into “a ritualized hatred that finally absorbs the hate itself, rather than turning it loose in such meaningless, antisocial outbursts as the Tate massacre.” As for his religion, he called it “just Ayn Rand’s philosophy, with ceremony and ritual added,” and he actually looked forward to the arrival of a “benign police state.” But the sex-and-ritual-murder pattern had now been set in the California media after the Mansion Family killings, and it would henceforth be difficult for any non-standard religion to detach itself from that reputation. Other conspiracy elements were quickly added on. The September 1970 issue of American Opinion, the publication of the right-wing John Birch Society, featured a lengthy article referencing Crowley, Manson, LaVey, Roman Polanski, all demonstrating that Satanism, “next to Communism, has become the fastest growing criminal menace of our time.” The article, using a variety of popular sources, traces occult movements through Weishaupt’s Bavarian Illuminati, the members of which, he claims on the strength of 1790s pamphlets, drank human blood, worshipped Satan, and conducted the Black Mass on an altar of human skeletons. The article concluded with an interview with an unusually cooperative “radical socialist” LaVey, who was happy to inscribe a copy of The Satanic Bible for a member of the John Birch Society and show him his extensive library of titles by “identified Communists.” Yes, Weishaupt was indeed “a practicing Satanist,’ LaVey proudly confirmed, and the Illuminati were “quite a powerful force for evil.”

• • From The Illuminatus Saga Stumbles Along, Robert Anton Wilson, 2007: Bob Shea and I began the Illuminatus series in 1969, inspired directly by our work as co-editors of The Playboy Fo­rum. The Forum deals with civil liberties, the rights of the individual, and abuses of government power. Natu­rally, in addition to a great many intelli­gent letters from people justifiably indignant about real cases of unconstitu­tional behavior by judges and legisla­tors, the Forum – especially in those days – received a lot of paranoid rantings from people imagining baroque conspiracies. One day, either Shea or I­ – we don’t remember which-asked whimsically, “Suppose all these nuts are right, and every single conspiracy they complain about really exists?” Thus, the Illuminatus saga was born. The idea was simple-a novel, perched midway between satire and melodrama, and also delicately balancing between “proving” the case for multiple con­spiracies and undermining the “proof.” Of course, if Shea andI  had any real sense of the market we would have real­ized that such a deliberately ambiguous work was not going to have immediate commercial appeal. But once we got started, the writing was so much fun we simply forgot about it. We had created an unsolved (perhaps unsolvable) mystery that was not merely puzzling like Agatha Christie but dumb­founding, flabbergasting, and more than a bit unnerving. The commercial results were not quite as bad as you might expect. It took over five years to get such a weird book pub­lished, true-and the refrain “I can’t understand that dammed thing” was heard from Senior Editors, but when it finally got into print, in 1975, the tril­ogy received almost uniformly good re­views everywhere. We even earned fairly decent royalties the first year In-jokes referring to the trilogy creep into other novels, movies and music videos. We have created some kind of “underground classic.” We were writing for neo-pagans, witches, Futurists, space colony advo­cates, longevity and vitamin freaks, and a lot of psy­chologists, psychiatrists, radical M.D.s, and other professionals concerned with the illnesses of our nation. There are also a lot of people who don’t want the Feds taking their dope away, and an assort­ment of anti-IRS cranks. As far as I can make out, the one bond uniting all these diverse groups-and separating them from others with simi­lar convictions-is a deep conviction that the government lies a lot, combined with a refusal to buy into any orthodox school of radical analysis. That is, they believe that any Ideology which claims to explain “what is really going on behind the lies” is just guess-work, and they feel that the jokes, insane exag­gerations and surrealistic twists of Illuminatus are about as plausible, and about as implausible, as the sober, seri­ous, and totally humorless critiques of the New Left, the New Age or any other organized Counter-Culture. I don’t know that this is the best path for a writer, but it seems to be the only possible path for me. The books have a sales chart that goes up, and goes down, and goes up and down, but eventually finds a loyal audience.

• From How Did He Get So Famous? Illuminati and the Pop Star, ELISSA R. HENKEN, University of Georgia, 2013: In Spring of 2012, two UCLA students of film and design told me that, according to at least one of their friends and to lots of messages on electronic media, the singer/actress Jennifer Hudson had made a deal with the Illuminati, including the 2008 murder of her family, in exchange for fame and weight loss. Jay-Z, Beyoncé, Kanye West, Lil Wayne, Rihanna, Eminem, Lady Gaga, and many, many others all reportedly joined the Illuminati, and the signs are to be found in their gestures, their lyrics, and their clothing as well as in their rapid rise to fame. Uncertain how much their location in Los Angeles and their interest in film and music (one is a deejay) might have affected their awareness of these legends, I asked my own students in Georgia what they had heard. Perhaps a quarter of each class had learned about it aurally; far more had seen something about it on the internet. The Illuminati are popularly understood in this context to be a secret society engaged in a conspiracy to control world affairs and create the New World Order, which itself is understood to entail replacing the established Christian order of Western nations with “an atheistic, socialist, global government.” Most of the related folklore takes the form of rumors—simply stating that some particular star is a member of the Illuminati. One claim making the electronic rounds is that Whitney Houston had to die in order that Beyoncé and Jay-Z’s daughter Blue Ivy, a true Illuminata, might live. Most people with whom I have discussed this intersection of the Illuminati and pop stars have immediately made a connection to Robert Johnson and his Faustian bargain with the devil at the crossroads. The preponderance of black artists said to owe their success to the Illuminati suggests some doubt that black artists—men or women— could achieve such success on their own, but there is not enough demographic material on those who either purvey or respond to that material to make any definitive or overarching statements about the racial undertones of these legends. Marc Lamont Hill, a journalist and scholar of African American studies, with a particular interest in hip-hop culture, points out that, “By accepting conspiracy theories as true, we can make sense of other people’s success without having to accept our own shortcomings.” Lack of talent, no matter the artist’s or the narrator’s race, is certainly one of a variety of themes behind these rumors. One white student reported that when she first noticed Justin Bieber—she kept hearing one song over and over—she asked classmates about him and was told that he was Illuminati.

• • From Cultivating Ethical Gameplay Through Illuminati, Rebekah Shultz Colby & Steve Holmes, Journal of Computers & Compositions, 2022:  The card game we examine in this article, Illuminati, constructs a satire of conspiracy theories with its artwork and procedural rules as players are meant to socially form alliances or cabals (some secret) and then ruthlessly break them. While few players take the game’s satirical conspiracy ideology seriously, the rules and mechanics offer a productive case for studying player’s material ethical habits. To procedurally simulate the paranoia of conspiracy theories, the game rules have unbalanced player role mechanics that make it much easier for some players to win over others and encourage players to cheat to compensate. In our study, we interviewed players before and after a play session of Illuminati, asking the same questions for each player. Ideologically, players either did not take the game’s parody of conspiracy theories seriously or implicitly agreed with the ideology behind the parody so unproblematically that they did not reflect on the game’s ideology in the meaningful way. For instance, the player who chose to play as the Discordian Society did not take the game seriously enough to see this as an ideologically motivated decision. As Jesper Juul argues in the paper “Half-Real”, digital and non-digital games exist on a continuum between being rule-bound systems comprised of rules and game mechanics and representing a fictional world through graphics, music, and narrative. Consequently, Sicart argues that games exist in a dialectical tension between being purely rule-based systems and, because of their narrative worlds, also representing a real ideological system and interpellate players by positioning them as a particular type of subject within an ideology. Our study illustrates that the players’ process is much more complicated than the process Sicart defines and will always change depending on different play contexts, especially as they are driven by attractors such as rules or gameplay. Nevertheless, this case study of Illuminati shows how material attractors form a space for certain dispositions which over time construct ethos. Even when the rules allowing cheating for instance, players can still resist these actions, choosing actions that construct dispositions they’re more inclined toward.

The post Episode 206: There Is No Illuminati… appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.

SHOW LINKS

• Sara Moslener, After Purity: https://saramoslener.com/
• Photo by Tony Hisgett: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_One_Ring_%2831626343711%29.jpg
• From A History of Celibacy, Elizabeth Abbott, 1999: Chastity as it relates to sexuality is abstention from unlawful sexual activity, said especially of women; celibacy is the state of being unmarried, especially that of a person under a vow. Celibacy paraded through history under a legion of names: It was Joan of Arc, Elizabeth I, Florence Nightingale, Gandhi, Tolstoy, and even Leonardo da Vinci, fearful of a second accusation of sexual impropriety. Celibacy is also writ large in the world’s medical literature, monopolizing large sections of textbooks and the wisdom of most cultures. Therein are elaborated a wealth of semen-centered perspectives and detailed instructions about regimens that help conserve precious ejaculate. Most Western kitchens harbor the shades of the intense, celibate social movement that sought to encourage semen-focus and quench the embers of sensuality: which one of us hasn’t enjoyed corn flakes and Graham flour, designed by the chaste John Harvey Kellogg and Sylvester Graham to cool ardor and promote bland healthfulness? Not unexpectedly, sex-negative, celibacy-obsessed Christianity dominates the first part of our book, though its pagan and Jewish antecedents marked important passages along the path–in pagan Greece especially, premarital chastity was such an essential requirement in brides that young women were thrust into marriage just after puberty to eliminate any possibility of a sexual lapse, and among the pantheon of deities, powerful, and ambitious goddesses maintained lifelong vigilance over their virginity. But celibacy is at Christianity’s core, the story of a divine infant miraculously born to a virgin. The Christian fixation on celibacy, from its condemnatory preoccupation with lustful Eve to its ideological sterilization of chaste Mary and, in the Catholic Church, its rejection of married priests, has endured for twenty centuries, embraced hundreds and millions of people, and imbued Western civilization with its ideals and ideology. Through the lens of Christian celibacy, I saw women seize on this new doctrine as a tool to emancipate themselves from the drudgery of marriage and childbearing, but celibacy is not always so uplifting: The great value most societies place on bridal virginity gives this dimension of celibacy a decidedly ugly side, even when girls’ tiny feet are no longer bound, and chastity belts are rusty museum curiosities. 
• • • From Adam, Eve, & the Serpent, Elaine Pagels, 1988: For many Christians of the first four centuries, the greatest freedom demanded the greatest renunciation — above all, celibacy. This identification of freedom with celibacy involved a paradox, then as now, for celibacy (to say nothing of fasting and other forms of renunciation) is an extreme form of self-restraint. Yet as Christians saw it, celibacy involved rejection of “the world” of ordinary society and was thereby a way to gain control over one’s own life. Pagan contemporaries regarded such renunciation not only as social suicide but as the worst impiety and dishonor, but ascetically inclined Christians projected their idealized celibacy back into [Eden] and turned the story of the first marriage into a story of two virgins whose sin and sexual awakening ended in their expulsion from the “Paradise of virginity.” The Christian teacher Thaelia accused Christians of using marital relations to gratify themselves sexually while pretending that their concern is with procreation. She admits that scripture did not require celibacy, but says the Apostle Paul certainly preferred it for any who were capable of achieving this “means of restoring humanity to Paradise.”
    • Jovinian strictly avoided any contact with women, but after some years underwent a change of heart and questioned whether this was spiritually beneficial. Although he remained sexually abstinent, he soon argued that celibacy in itself is no holier than marriage and accused certain fanatical Christians of having invented “novel dogma against nature.” Jovinian rejected the common belief that celibate persons are holier than those who marry and declared that “virgins, widows, and married women, who have once gone through Christian baptism, if they are equal in other respects, are of equal merit.” St. Jerome saw Jovinian as a serious threat and set out “to crush this Epicurus of Christianity.” When Jerome read Jovinian’s treatise he said he heard “the hissing of the old serpent; by counsel such as this, the dragon drove man from Paradise.” What bothered Jerome especially was that Jovinian was supported by some of the leading Christians of Rome. Jerome acknowledged that even though everyone praised celibacy, not everyone took it seriously, even as a qualification for the priesthood: “That married men are elected to the priesthood, I do not deny; the number of virgins is not so great as that of the priests that are needed. Jerome declares that Jesus himself remained “a virgin in the flesh and a monogamist in the spirit,” faithful to his only bride, the church, and adds that “although I know that crowds of matrons will be furious at me  I will say what the apostle Paul has taught me: In view of the purity of the body of Christ, all sexual intercourse is unclean.”
    • From What You Should Know About Purity Culture, Joe Carter, Gospel Coalition, 2019: “Purity culture” is the term often used for the evangelical movement that attempts to discourage dating and promote virginity before marriage, often through the use of tools such as purity pledges, purity rings, and purity balls. A prime example is the original pledge from the book True Love Waits, which read: “Believing that true love waits, I make a commitment to god, myself, my family, those I date, and my future mate to be sexually pure until the day I enter marriage.” Purity rings were popularized by the Christian ministry The Silver Ring Thing, which promoted abstinence primarily through music events. Rings were worn by several young actors and pop stars, including Miley Cyrus, Demi Lovato, and Selena Gomez. Father-Daughter Purity Balls are formal dance events attended by fathers and their daughters that promote virginity until marriage for teenage girls. Fathers would often sign a pledge that they would be the example of purity for their daughter. The dances were originally conceived in 1998 by a California couple, Randy and Lisa Wilson, as a way of “celebrating God’s design and life’s little growth spurts.” 
    • The purity movement began in the 1990s as Christians who were children or teens during the beginning of the 1960s-era sexual revolution began to have children and teenagers of their own. In the 1970s only 2 percent of American women had more than 10 sexual partners before marriage; in the 1990s that percentage had increased to 10 percent; in 2010 it was 18 percent. We cannot only think of our chastity in relationship to our bodies, but to the very way that we are forming and being conformed in our inmost being to the image of Christ as pure, faithful, and chaste beings. I choose purity for Christ’s glory. I am doing this for his sake, not my sake. I am doing this because he deserves adoration, and the purity of my life is a way to show him that adoration. There is no moralism. If I choose sexual purity for the glory of Christ, that is just pure worship. https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/faqs-know-purity-culture/ 
    • From How History Shaped Evangelical Womanhood, Sara Moslener & Sarah Stankorb, In Polite Company, 2023: Gail Biederman’s book Manliness and Civilization demonstrates the formation of Victorian gender roles and the cult of true womanhood — the Four Virtues, of which purity is one. What she argues is the true woman ideal was in response to the creation and the growth of the middle class in the 19th century. Capitalism was growing because there was an enslaved workforce, which means white people were getting wealthy. But there’s a sense that there’s a kind of disease with that, because it pushed against certain values — be humble, work hard, very early American grit. So, there’s a sense of unease, and especially because men were working out of the home in politics and commerce and were having to do what could be considered things that lacked virtue. The way to balance is to pair the public man with the domestic woman who takes on all the virtues of goodness: piety, purity, domesticity, and submission. This is where we get these notions of white femininity, what came to be known as “the angel in the house.” She stays home. She raises the children. She teaches and is in charge of her children’s spiritual training. Victorian homes would often have a space, an entire room set apart, as a chapel. You marry the sort of public, rough-and-tumble unethical world that the man is in with the woman’s sanctuary of the home. That’s the perfect combination, because then he can come back to his sanctuary and be grounded in the virtues there. But it’s her job to make sure virtue remains in the home, that the home is a virtuous home. Slavery was created on a black/white binary. When that ended, they needed another way to maintain the race line: anti-miscegenation law was one way, reinforced by two powerful stereotypes: the sexually pure and innocent white woman and the aggressive, black male.  Rumors of clandestine relations or inappropriate exchanges were enough to insight white racial violence against entire Black communities. Pure, white womanhood was a propaganda tool for justifying white racial power. In the 19th century, there was very much the sense of the white, Anglo Saxon Protestant family was the one that was most suited to growing civilization, and it was white women who were bearers of the civilization. Whiteness was all encoded in these gender ideologies, [but] they would be adopted and adapted, especially by the growing Black middle class in the early 20th century. 
    • Fundamentalism was responding to so many things. It was responding to science, of course, because you have the Scopes Monkey Trial. And then you have the response to the New Woman trying to change the gender roles. Also at that time were debates over biblical interpretation, academics who are interpreting the Bible academically while fundamentalists believed that the Bible is one truth and anyone can read it and know the truth. But academics were coming along and saying, ‘Well, no, the truth isn’t self-evident,’ right? The Bible is a complex book.’ So, that was the huge clash. That really animated everything. Gender roles became about protecting biblical gender roles and arguments about science were to come from the Bible. Fundamentalism was very much a response to the more modernizing influences that were happening. Billy Graham comes in the ‘30s, with Youth for Christ, and makes it all hip and interesting again. He’s someone who would go from being a fundamentalist to being an evangelical as a way to sort of bring fundamentalists out of their separatism. This is also the time period when you see the growth of Christian colleges and radio—especially evangelical media. Evangelicalism was really kind of creating their own parallel institutions as a way to separate themselves from “the World.” That really took off in ‘70s. I really like Mara Einstein’s book Brands of Faith. She comes out of marketing and advertising and then writes about and studies religion. That’s why many of these evangelical churches were in the suburbs then. That’s when you get a church that looks like a mall, because people didn’t want to go to a church that looks like a church. There was still this idea within evangelicalism of having a family where the wife doesn’t have to work as a middle class goal. This period is also where I start to see an argument about white Christian nationalism develop, with this vision of the family as the foundation of the American nation state. And it’s the white, middle class, suburban, heterosexual family. https://sarahstankorb.substack.com/p/how-history-shaped-evangelical-womanhood?utm_source=post-email-title&publication_id=1179398&post_id=95847619&isFreemail=false&utm_medium=email 
    • From Eric Sprankle: Facts You Need To Know, Ellyn Santiago, Heavy.com, 2018: Eric Sprankle, a professor of sexuality studies in Minnesota, is a sex therapist and a Satanist. A controversial tweet from the not-shy Psy.D. has created a firestorm. In it, he suggests god impregnated the Virgin Mary without her consent. And even if there was consent, god was infinitely more powerful than a teenaged Mary and put her at a disadvantage, he claims. Sprankle is no stranger to controversy in that his ideas and opinions are unconventional and he appears unafraid to share those opinions. A number of students have said he’s funny and smart and fascinating. Others disagree. Now, Sprankle is being criticized for his latest heretical pronouncement, but given he’s a Satanist, he does not hide it: “The virgin birth story is about an all-knowing, all-powerful deity impregnating a human teen. There is no definition of consent that would include that scenario. Happy Holidays.” A commenter replied that in the story of the Annunciation, Mary talk’s about God’s plans with the angel Gabriel and says, “I am the Lord’s servant, may your word to me be fulfilled.” Sprankle responds that Mary could not have consented given god’s supreme and almighty power over her. “The biblical god regularly punished disobedience. The power difference in deity vs mortal and the potential for violence for saying ‘no’ negates her ‘yes.’ To put someone in this position is an unethical abuse of at best and grossly predatory at worst. Not surprisingly, Fox News’ Tucker Carlson blasted Sprankle: “Fifty years ago this kind of shallow banality would be something the province of a drunk undergraduate at three in the morning.” Sprankle is an Associate Professor at Minnesota State University & Teaches Psychology & Sexuality Studies. “Promoting sexual health while reducing shame and respecting body autonomy,” is how Sprankle describes his goal as a college professor teaching students about sexuality. Sprankle is a Minnesota-licensed clinical psychologist and certified sex therapist. Sprankle is also very focused on demystifying sexual mores and abolishing sexual stereotypes, He says, “I tweet mostly about sex worker rights, abortion, and atheism. After the brouhaha over his tweets, some students jumped on a site where people rate their college professors. Some were not happy with his take on the Annunciation. One student wrote about Sprankle saying at once his lectures are “amazing” but that he’s an “awful” professor. Another said simply, “He is a condescending know it all. Has great hatred for traditions.” But another said, “Sprankle is hilarious and very intelligent. He makes every little bit of information interesting and his personality is just too fantastic to ignore.” https://web.archive.org/web/20181207223947/https://heavy.com/news/2018/12/dr-eric-sprankle
    • From Christian purity culture is still being felt, Chrissie Thwaites, The Conversation, 2022: Purity culture was most significant in America, and since the noughties it has gradually faded from cultural prominence. Its impact, though, is global and ongoing: Purity culture was built on an established religious ethic but came to encompass a subculture in American evangelical Christianity. A prolific industry of purity-themed bibles, rallies, and books emerged. Beyond abstinence, young Christians were encouraged not to date. Romantic attachments not leading to marriage were discouraged due to a perceived risk of emotional and physical impurity. Young women and girls were instructed to be careful how they dressed and interacted with others to avoid “tempting” men, and strict gender roles were encouraged. Purity culture is harmful: It taught women in particular to be suspicious and ashamed of their bodies, and resulted in anxiety, panic attacks and even PTSD. The identifiable rituals of purity culture – such as purity rings and pledges – have receded, but key organisations are rebranding themselves and changing the way purity culture is presented. Purity ring organisation Silver Ring Thing has recently remarketed as Unaltered Ministries, dropping its focus on purity rings but nonetheless holding onto its heritage. Alongside this, new brands which recycle purity messaging are also emerging, like GirlDefined, a YouTube channel run by two sisters promoting “biblical womanhood”. Both sisters waited until marriage to kiss their husbands and describe feminism as an “attack on God’s design for woman”. The permeation of purity culture into church teachings and cultures can be seen in anxieties around male-female friendships, relationship expectations, the Christian idolisation of marriage, the equation of virginity with value, and inferences that women are responsible for gatekeeping men’s sexual behaviour. Meanwhile, former purity culture adherents are grappling with its after-effects. Many have spent years analysing how purity teachings affected their view of their body and relationships with other people. Women have described feeling trapped in their own skin. The repackaging of purity culture into new formats, and its permeation into broader Christian culture means the movement persists. https://theconversation.com/the-impact-of-christian-purity-culture-is-still-being-felt-including-in-britain-182907 
    • From Satanists’ Sexual Self-Concept, Samuel Danielson Minnesota State University, 2022: This sample of Satanists consists primarily of white, cisgender women from the United States with an average age of about 32 years. Additionally, more than half of the sample also identified as being bi- or pansexual. Most Satanists in this sample were raised in childhood homes where Christianity was the primary religion. Participants reported primarily engaging in forms of Satanism that are atheistic or non-theistic. A majority of participants also reported being members of The Satanic Temple. The average age that participants converted to Satanism was about 25. The analysis of Satanists’ sexual behavior indicated that two-thirds of Satanists have engaged in BDSM play. More than two-thirds of the sample also reported having engaged in non-BDSM kink or fetish play. This surpasses the percentage of individuals in the general population. More than half of Satanists masturbate more than once a week, but only about 35% utilize pornography at the same rate. The high prevalence of engagement in taboo or stigmatized sexual behaviors within Satanism could be attributable to the sex-positive and permissive attitudes promoted by the religion. Additionally, the more positive feelings one has about being a Satanist, the more positively one may evaluate their ability to relate with others sexually, as engaging in sex is an affirmation of their Satanist identity and beliefs. 
    • Interestingly, the analysis also indicated that these factors are all significant predictors of sexual anxiety. A possible explanation for this relationship between the strength of Satanist identification and sexual anxiety could be minority stress from one’s Satanist identity: As Satanism is an atheistic belief system, it is likely that identification with the religion also leads to social stigma and, therefore, negative psychological outcomes. Furthermore, as sex may be considered a religious activity for Satanists, engagement in sexual behavior may make Satanists’ internalized anti-Satanism more salient, leading to increased tension, discomfort, or anxiety. However, cognitive engagement with and affirmation of one’s Satanist identity may help to buffer the negative effects of minority stress on sexual anxiety. Future research could also attempt to control for otherl factors that past research has found to be associated with social anxiety such as gender, marital status, race, disability, and body image. Though data for gender, marital status, and race were collected in the data set used for the current study, this data used a nominal scale of measurement which cannot be used for regression analyses if there are more than two levels to the variable, as there were for these variables. The minority stress model could also be applied to Satanism, similar to how it has been applied to atheism in future research to determine if there are any specific affects that minority stress may have on Satanists. 

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The post Episode 192 – Satanists Fuck With Purity Culture appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.

SHOW LINKS

• John Paul Rollert, University of Chicago
• Hazbin Hotel, Hot 100
• Fable of the Bees, Bernard Mandeville
• Early History of Greed, Richard Newhauser
• Greed as Idolatry, Brian Rosner
• Summa Theologica, Thomas Aquinas
• The Pardoner’s Tale, Chaucer
• The Prosperity Ethic, Erron Medina and Jayeel Cornelio
• Satan Speaks! Anton LaVey

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The post Episode 164: Deadly Sins – Satanic Greed appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.

It’s a buyer’s market, but everything must go! Sidney Sin joins us for a who’s who of who sold their soul over the past 1,500 years or so.

SHOW LINKS

• Lawmaker Calls For Removal of Satanic Display
• Curious Myths of the Middle Ages, Sabine Baring-Gould
• The Gentleman’s Magazine, George Lauren Gomme
• Me and the Devil, Holly Everett & Peter Narv
• Big Road Blues, Tradition and Creativity in Folk Blues, David Evans
• A History of Musicians and the Crossroads, Benjamin Allmon
• Robert Johnson, Mythmaking, & Contemporary American Culture, Patricia Schroeder
• Meeting With the Devil at the Crossroads, a Contemporary Legend, Gail de Vos

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The post Episode 158 – Selling Souls appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.

There’s nothing we love more on our days off than relaxing in a historic cemetery and taking in the (burial) sites. But a lot of people seem to have some very grave hang-ups about the idea of Satanists in cemeteries. To help us dig up some facts about these morose myths, we’re joined by historian Liz Clappin, host of the podcast Tomb With a View.

SHOW LINKS

• Tomb With a View
• Lil Uzi Vert Says ‘Any Type of Religion Is Some Type of Cult’
• Death, Burial, and the Afterlife In Ancient Greece, Metropolitan Museum of Art
• In the Garden Cemetery, Tate Williams
• Magic In the Cemeteries of Late Antique Palestine, Gideon Bohak
• Introduction To King James’ Demonology, Donald Tyson
• Keeping the Devil at Bay, James M. Davidson
• Raising the Devil, Bill Ellis
• Satanic Tourism, Gary Fine & Jeffrey Victor
• Cemetery Hoodoo, Sharon K Moses

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The post Episode 149 – The Cemetery Episode appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.

The creators of Black Mass Appeal – your favorite podcast by Satanists, for Satanists – are bringing you the second annual FaustFest virtual Satanic music festival!

PERFORMERS APPLY HERE

While there are many parts of the pandemic we’d like to forget, a highlight for us and the Satanic community was last year’s FaustFest, a virtual Satanic music festival that brought together performers from all over the world onto one “stage.” Now we’re bringing it back for 2022, with new music, fresh acts, and another chance to experience the incredible talent of the Satanic community.

Music performers of all genres are encouraged to apply! From metal to country to hip-hop and beyond, we want to show off the wide range of talent within our community.

The self-submitted videos of the chosen performers will be edited together into one virtual concert to be shown on YouTube and Black Mass Appeal’s social media platforms starting MARCH 1, with a live watch party that evening. An audio-only version of the show will go out on our regular podcast feed that same day.

You need not sell your soul to apply – just fill out this form by MONDAY, JANUARY 24; selected performers will be notified by JANUARY 28.

In the meantime, check out last year’s show for unholy inspiration!
FaustFest, part 1: https://youtu.be/1La8Xye00nc
FaustFest, part 2: https://youtu.be/ics_HCoZoiU

For more information on video submission requirements, keep scrolling…

DEADLINES

• Submission form must be filled out by MONDAY, JANUARY 24
• Approved bands will be notified by FRIDAY, JANUARY 28
• Videos must be turned in by FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 18
• Show premiere is TUESDAY, MARCH 1

VIDEO GUIDELINES

• Most video formats acceptable; .mp4 or .mov preferred. If you have a different video format, drop us a line just so we know what to expect.
• Videos can be as long as two songs or 8 minutes long, whichever is SHORTER. So, if your two songs come to 6 minutes, that’s it – do not try to squeeze a third into those last two minutes!
• Shoot your video in landscape mode. 1280 x 720 resolution or better preferred; resolutions up to 4K accepted (the files can start to get really big!).
• If you’re shooting on a cell phone, turn off any “autofocus” features.
• Leave several seconds of padding at the start and end of your clip. Turn your camera on and wait 3-5 seconds before speaking or performing, and wait 3-5 seconds when you are done before turning your camera off. Do not turn the camera on and immediately begin.
• Check your sound levels, making sure you’re not too soft and not too loud. You may want to record test footage so you can see how you sound on the video.
  • If you can, capture audio directly (as opposed to using the camera’s built-in mic) for best sound quality.
• Black Mass Appeal is looking to feature bands with members who are Satanists or whose music or aesthetic are primarily Satanic. BMA will refuse any racist, sexist, homophobic, transphobic, hateful, unreasonably violent or gory content. (Fake blood is great, butchering an animal is not.) A content warning may be added to the show. Inclusion in the episode is at the sole discretion of the BMA producers.

DO NOT

• Add transitions to the beginning or end of your clip (no fade ins / outs).
• Add titles or graphics to your video – we will add graphics like your name and links for you. If you really, really want to use a graphic, send it as a separate image file (.PNG or .PSD preferred, no background / with transparency) with instructions on how / when to use it. Keeping in mind the time it takes to edit the show, we will decline to use graphics with complicated instructions.
  • Yes: “Here’s the album art for my new album, please put it at the end of my clip for 5 seconds.”
  • No: “Please animate me so I look like Spider-Man but with my logo on my chest and then have me leap out of a helicopter with a big explosion behind me. You can CGI that, right?”
• Use ornate frames. Especially with band members in different locations, split-screens are welcome! But overly elaborate frames around your video eat up precious space and detract from the “live” look of the show.

Once your video file is ready to share, please title it “FaustFest – [artist name]” and upload to Google Drive. Email blackmassappealpod@gmail.com a link to your video. Make sure your link settings are set so that anyone with a link can edit. If you do not have a Google account, DropBox is okay.

How the “virtual music festival” will work:

• We will take your video along with our other performance videos and edit them into one long video, with one performance after another. The hosts of Black Mass Appeal (Daniel, Tabitha, and Simone) will introduce your video, MTV VJ-style.
• The full “festival” video will be posted to YouTube on TUESDAY, MARCH 1, then distributed to our website and social media. (And we hope you share, too!)
• The audio from your video will be taken and edited into an episode of our audio podcast, Black Mass Appeal. For the sake of time, we will select one song from your set to play on the podcast. The hosts will introduce your song, radio DJ-style. The podcast episode will also have our regular show elements, with our introduction and news segments at the start of the show.
• If you want / are able, you can submit studio audio of your song to use on the audio podcast instead of the video audio. (This would also be due on FEBRUARY 18.)
• The audio podcast will be published on TUESDAY, MARCH 1, and will be automatically distributed to podcast apps such as Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, and Overcast, and promoted on our website and social media. (And we hope you share that one, too!)

In the lead-up to the festival, we will promote the show on our social media pages. Please follow us and share!
Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/blackmassappeal
Twitter – https://twitter.com/blackmassappeal
Instagram – https://www.instagram.com/blackmassappeal/
TikTok – @DailyBaphirmations

The post Black Mass Appeal announces FaustFest 2022! appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.

You got your ask in gear and now we’ve got the answers, with another BMA AMA. Also, Satanic Bay Area is testing some uncharted Waters, and in the news, some friends of Jesus are feeling very cross about Satanic radio.

SHOW LINKS

• Group Call For Satanic Radio Station Shutdown
• The Plot To Kill Ted Kennedy

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The post Episode 96 – BMA AMA III appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.

Welcome to FaustFest!

Black Mass Appeal team is proud to announce the premiere of the first (as far as we’re aware) virtual Satanic music festival, FaustFest! With over two hours of Satanic performers playing all genres of music, we hope to bring the live festival experience to everyone at home. You can watch the video of the show immediately on YouTube at the links below, you can download the audio podcast version of the show in your regular podcast feed (soon to come!), or you can join us on Tuesday evening to watch and chat with everyone on our YouTube livestream! Don’t forget to check out all the artists’ links and info on the episode page.

Watch on YouTube anytime

Watch FaustFest on the Black Mass Appeal YouTube channel whenever you want!
Watch PART ONE
Watch PART TWO

Listen in your podcast feed

An audio version of FaustFest will be available on all podcast platforms. Click here to listen directly on Libsyn.

Livestream together with us

Watch the show on YouTube and with the Black Mass Appeal hosts and audience!
Tuesday, February 23
Starts at 7 PM Pacific / 10 PM Eastern
CLICK HERE to join the livestream

Check out links on the episode page

Get links to all your new favorite bands’ music and videos on our episode page.

FaustFest – Press Release
December 28, 2020

Black Mass Appeal, a podcast created by Satanists, for Satanists, has announced a new project to highlight the wide-ranging musical talent of the Satanic community: a virtual music festival, FaustFest.

After recently spotlighting the many visual artists within the community, and considering the particular difficulties facing live performance musicians during the pandemic, Black Mass Appeal’s goal with FaustFest is to share the music of Satanists around the world with its audience. All genres of music are welcome! An audio version of the show, complete with songs submitted by Satanic artists, will be available in the regular Black Mass Appeal podcast feed. But to mark this special occasion, FaustFest will also be available as a video with user-submitted clips of the acts showing off their talents.

FaustFest will premiere on Tuesday, February 23, 2021. Those interested in submitting clips need not sell their souls to get onboard — just read the guidelines and get the submission form link below!

Upcoming FaustFest act Satan Club performs on Concord Couch Concerts, November 2020.

The post BMA presents FaustFest, a virtual Satanic music festival appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.

They say black goes with everything, so we’re letting loose our primal scream and gearing up for another black Christmas by shredding the most Satanic of all music genres: Scandinavian black metal. Is it the true devil’s music, or just one more for the scrapyard?

SHOW LINKS

• Bee’s Knees Leather on Etsy
• Metal Sucks: “Satanic” Metal Radio Station WSOU Under Fire from Catholic Protestors
• Regain Records: History of the Black Metal Music Genre
• Shades Of Black: The History and Evolution of Black Metal
• Dr. Peter Pichler: The Cultural History of Black Metal Theory and Philosophy
• The Perichoresis of Black Metal Music, Art and Philosophy
• Life in Norway: The Story of Norwegian Black Metal
• The Guardian: ‘Before you know it, it’s not a big deal to kill a man’: Norwegian black metal’s murderous past
• Kerrang!: Satanic terrorism grips Britain
• Documentary: Until the Light Takes Us (2008)
• Film: Lords of Chaos (2018)

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The post Episode 85 – Black Metal appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.

Sometimes you’ve just got to love the sinner and the sin, so we’re dedicating this show to the memories of Satanic Bay Area’s beloved Patron Sinners, those iconic iconoclasts who, in our opinion, represented the greatest Satanic values of their time — for all time.

SHOW LINKS

• Send us a question for our upcoming BMA AMA episode!
• Nominate a Patron Sinner!
• Satanic Bay Area’s current list of Patron Sinners
• Congregation of Washington Satanists allowed to perform ritual at State Capitol
• Satanic Portland’s Dark-Sided Drag

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The post Episode 66 – Patron Sinners appeared first on Black Mass Appeal.